Category: Papers

In regulatory toxicology, animal tests are habitually applied in hazard assessments to identify the potential toxic endpoints of chemicals to human health and the environment. This paper identifies major challenges associated with the perceptions of the need to rely on animal studies and argues that regulatory culture, resting upon familiarity and confidence in animal studies,…

To allow large-scale, cross-jurisdictional analyses of criminal arrests, we have developed the Center for Science and Law’s Criminal Record Database (CRD), a collection of tens of millions of U.S. courthouse records. The CRD can enhance many types of research—for example, identification of high-frequency offenders, measurement of changes in policing strategies, and quantification of legislative efficacy—giving…

Crack cocaine use carries high costs for society, particularly in terms of increased crime. The tools of modern neuroscience may be able to reduce demand by addressing altered brain circuitry of individuals suffering from severe cocaine use disorder. Here, we review several rehabilitative strategies, including pharmacotherapies targeting neurotransmitter systems, immunotherapies that block cocaine from entering…

In his final State of the Union, President Obama called on the scientific community to “make America the country that cures cancer once and for all.” Congress has since responded, increasing funding for such research. While this is good in the abstract, it is unclear that it is an objectively correct and productive use of…

In most jurisdictions, a police officer arrests and books a defendant, then files the criminal complaint before a judge. The judge sets bail, and if necessary, appoints defense counsel for the accused. Inadequate cases are later dropped – often weeks or months later – by prosecutors. This happens only after extensive investigation and usually not…

We conducted a scientometric on the United Nations’ Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) access to biological resources and benefit sharing (ABS) literature using the Scopus database. There were 723 publications by 2,225 authors broadly related to this topic of which 150 publications by 395 researchers focus on the topic. The literature reflected by keyword choices…